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Facilitatory effects of an auditory warning stimulus in a visual location identification task and a visual shape identification task BJMBR
Bueno,V.F.; Ribeiro-do-Valle,L.E..
The occurrence of a weak auditory warning stimulus increases the speed of the response to a subsequent visual target stimulus that must be identified. This facilitatory effect has been attributed to the temporal expectancy automatically induced by the warning stimulus. It has not been determined whether this results from a modulation of the stimulus identification process, the response selection process or both. The present study examined these possibilities. A group of 12 young adults performed a reaction time location identification task and another group of 12 young adults performed a reaction time shape identification task. A visual target stimulus was presented 1850 to 2350 ms plus a fixed interval (50, 100, 200, 400, 800, or 1600 ms, depending on the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Expectancy; Time course; Priming; Auditory temporal processing; Visual form processing; Reaction time.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012001100007
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Kinetics of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma mRNA expression in islets and spleen of NOD mice BJMBR
Ventura-Oliveira,D.; Vilella,C.A.; Zanin,M.E.; Castro,G.M.; Moreira Filho,D.C.; Zollner,R.L..
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic ß cells. Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice spontaneously develop diabetes similar to the human disease. Cytokines produced by islet-infiltrating mononuclear cells may be directly cytotoxic and can be involved in islet destruction coordinated by CD4+ and CD8+ cells. We utilized a semiquantitative RT-PCR assay to analyze in vitro the mRNA expression of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma cytokine genes in isolated islets (N = 100) and spleen cells (5 x 10(5) cells) from female NOD mice during the development of diabetes and from female CBA-j mice as a related control strain that does not develop diabetes. Cytokine mRNAs were measured at 2, 4, 8, 14 and 28 weeks of age from the onset of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Diabetes; NOD mice; Cytokines; RT-PCR; Pancreatic islets; Time course.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002001100013
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The time course of ethanol tolerance: associative learning BJMBR
Bueno,J.L.O.; Fachini,A..
The effect of different contextual stimuli on different ethanol-induced internal states was investigated during the time course of both the hypothermic effect of the drug and of drug tolerance. Minimitters were surgically implanted in 16 Wistar rats to assess changes in their body temperature under the effect of ethanol. Rat groups were submitted to ethanol or saline trials every other day. The animals were divided into two groups, one receiving a constant dose (CD) of ethanol injected intraperitoneally, and the other receiving increasing doses (ID) during the 10 training sessions. During the ethanol training sessions, conditioned stimuli A (tone) and B (buzzer) were presented at "state +" (35 min after drug injection) and "state -" (170 min after drug...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Ethanol tolerance; Associative learning; Time course; Context stimuli; Internal states.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007001100012
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